Republics, their Customs, and the Law of the King: Convivencia and Self-Determination in the Crown of Castile and its American Territories, 1400–1700

Abstract

This article examines a conflict over indigenous inheritance law in one small corner of the 16^th-century Spanish Empire – the northern Andes – in order to open a window onto legal traditions in the wider Hispanic world. A specific emphasis is devoted to the mechanisms that placed custom (unwritten norms) at the center of early modern Spanish legal theory, making the Spanish monarchy one especially adapted to incorporating diverse social elements. By focusing on the late-medieval / early modern conception of »republics« – cultural communities oriented toward cohesive action preserving their common good – as the basic unit of study, and on custom as the basic guarantor of their continuing self-determination, I suggest ways to think about the legacy of Iberian convivencia both within and outside of its traditional medieval frame.